Social Media And Its Effects On Society - 950 Words

Do you know anyone who isn’t using any kind of social network? These days social network such as Facebook and Instagram become one of the basic things in our lives. People are trying to share every moment in their life. But there is one thing that some people don’t know, the thing that social media uses our personal information to improve the website and also to sell it to advertisers. These websites are using special algorithms to collect our information also using these algorithms to predict what kind of things we do, such as shopping or contact with other people. In fact, people should know about the benefit and defects of the social network when they use our personal information, and if there are any defects what should they do to improve this problem. To begin with, Social media becomes one of the sturdiest resources in the world for people who would like to connect with each other. We add friends, tend to jump in and connections at the velocity of our data connect ions, but Have you ever paid attention to the safety of the information that we’re involvement? Such as Facebook and Instagram use our personal information which we post in to improve their work. They are trying to change the mood of their users by using the users’ information which is obtained from the users’ page. In â€Å"How Facebook is using big data†, Bernard Marr (2014) writes â€Å"Facebook now tries to show some posts to their users, which can alter users’ mood by showing them a specific news or postsShow MoreRelatedSocial Media And Its Effects On Society1597 Words   |  7 PagesSociety Crumbles into Smithereens One Post at a Time You are walking out of the new Star Wars movie, posting about how superb it was, when suddenly you are swooped up and thrown in the back of a vehicle. No one would have thought posting about how you were there earlier would provoke such a situation. After all, social networking is â€Å"safe† and â€Å"friendly.† Now, social media is defined as â€Å"A form of electric communication through which users create online communities to share information,† accordingRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effect On Society1711 Words   |  7 Pagesinfluence usually are not the first words you would expect to come to mind when thinking about the term â€Å"social media,† yet with a little digging you will soon realize it could be the perfect description. Social media can be defined as forms of electronic communication through which users create online communities to share information, ideas, personal messages and other content. Most often social media is understood as a p ositive concept because of the ways it has allowed us to attain cheap and easilyRead MoreThe Effects Of Social Media On Society1359 Words   |  6 PagesIn a broad sense, Social media refers to elements such as websites, television, blogs, IM, and other applications that enable users to create and share various forms of content such as messages, pictures, and information, or to be able to participate in social networking. Social media depends on web-based applications, which allow a high level of virtual interaction on various levels such as social, professional, and educational levels. Social media has had various contributions to the developmentRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects On Society1592 Words   |  7 Pagesdevelopment of vast social media networks has improved our communications and interactions. These networks, such as Facebook and Twitter, are essential to how information is shared and criticized. The Social Media Handbook defines social media as â€Å"networked information services designed to support in-depth interaction, community formation, collaborative opportunities and collaborative work† (Hunsinger, 2014 p.1). Having an account or profile on these sites is more than a social norm; it is a requirementRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects On Society1359 Words   |  6 PagesPeople may say social media is good for you but is it really? Everyday, everywhere I always see people on social media calling people bad names, not being able to communicate face to face with each other. Social media, social media, social media†¦ oh what is has done to the world, so many students grades have dropped, criminals PROMOTE crimes. Ultimately, what is at stake here is social media will one day take over the world. People’s safety will be in danger, crimes will increase, people will getRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effect On Society1601 Words   |  7 Pagesrecent editorial titled â€Å"Hazards of Social Media† on your LinkedIn page on February 10th, 2016. It was very interesting to read your perspective on social media and its effect on society. Having an undergraduate major in Psychology at the University of Southern California and currently conducting research on social media usage at the Brain and Creativity Institute of USC, I have spent significant time researching the issue of social media.Though I agree that social media can be hazardous if not used effectivelyRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effect On Society998 Words   |  4 Pagesis bound to be a shift in social norms. As the times change, so does societ al views on acceptable values. One such possibility is the standard value accepted by mainstream society in which the way a female body is sexually portrayed in the media. It appears that society has not only accepted this standard, but has increasingly encouraged a more sexualized representation of the female body. Social media is an informational highway about what is accepted by the larger society and inferred by the individualsRead MoreThe Effects Of Social Media On Society Essay1644 Words   |  7 PagesSocial media has become prominent parts of life for many young people today. Most people engage with social media without stopping to think what the effects are on our lives, whether positive or negative. Are we as a society becoming more concerned with Facebook friends than we are with the people we interact with face-to-face in our daily lives? What will the longterm effects of today s social media use be? There are many positive aspects, but there are equally as many dangers that come withRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effect On Society1151 Words   |  5 PagesSocial Media The Workplaces’ Largest Enemy Being employed means that an individual will in most cases have coworkers and bosses; the environment shared between the employees is known as the workplace. In the time before technology, people being fired from their jobs was not an unheard of situation. The difference now is people are being terminated from their jobs because of something they posted on social media. If this was not the case, it would set a precedent that posting inappropriate or hurtfulRead MoreSocial Media And Its Effects On Society Essay1396 Words   |  6 PagesIn our modern world, the use of social media is overwhelming and second nature due to the availability. Several people all around the world possess some form of an electronic device that is capable of accessing social media, rather it be Facebook, Twitter, Snapchat, Instagram, and many more. â€Å"Technology’s rampant popularization over the past decade in terms of social media has meant that texting, Facebook, and Twitter have inevitable take n over as the most efficient ways of communicating with each

Divergent Routes to the American Dream in A Raisin in the Sun

The American dream has been visualized and pursued by nearly everyone in this nation. Lorraine Hansberrys A Raisin in the Sun is a play about the Younger family that strived for the American dream. The members of the Younger family shared a dream of a better tomorrow. In order to reach that dream, however, they each took different routes, which typified the routes taken by different black Americans. Walter Lee Youngers route, which was filled with riskiness and impulsiveness, exemplified the road taken by blacks who had been oppressed so much that they followed their dreams with blind desperation. Though Walter was the only adult male in his family, he did not assume the role as man of the house. His mother, Lena was the†¦show more content†¦His ambitions soon became an obsession, and Ruth, his wife, did not understand him. Since she failed to understand Walters dreams, he blamed her, not his real oppressors for holding him back. He told Ruth: That is just what is wrong with the colored women in this world...Dont understand about building men up and making em feel like they somebody. Like they can do something. (1015) According to writer Gerald Weales, The play is concerned primarily with his [Walters] recognition that, as a man he must begin from, not discard, himself, that dignity is a quality of men, not bank acounts. (Gunton 183) Walter was very impulsive, not lending enough thought to his actions. He faced so much humiliation that he was willing to sacrifice his dignity in order to climb the socio-economic ladder. A problem that Walter had was that he focused to heavily on his dream and neglected more precious things in life, such as his familys emotions. Sadly though, Walter did not understand or evaluate his dream of success. Weales stated, Walter Lees difficulty, however, is that he has accepted the American myth of success at its face value, that he is trapped...by a false dream. (Gunton 183) Many black Americans chased false dreams as they tried to assimilate into a system that worked differently for them. Julius Lester, who thought that Walter blindly pursued his dream wrote, Walter was castrated by the blade of the American dream, but...blamed theShow MoreRelatedDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesRESPONDENTS †¢ FOCUS ⠝  Luthans, Rosenkrantz, and Hennessey (1985) †¢ 52 managers in 3 organizations †¢ Participant observation of skills demonstrated by most effective versus least effective managers ⠝  Curtis, Winsor, and Stephens (1989) †¢ 428 members of the American Society of Personnel Administrators in the United States †¢ (1) Skills needed to obtain employment †¢ (2) Skills important for successful job performance †¢ (3) Skills needed to move up in the organization Employment Verbal communication Listening

Comparing poems from different cultures. Essay - 877 Words

Comparing poems from different cultures. Many poems deal with the theme of cultural identity. I have chosen three to compare, they are: Search For My Tongue, by Sujata Bhatt Half-Caste, by John Agard and Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan, by Moniza Alvi. I chose these three poems because I feel that they all deal with different aspects of cultural identity. For example Search for my tongue covers the aspect of losing your native tongue and using a ‘foreign’ language, Half-Caste addresses the point of racism and stereotyping, whilst Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan highlights the issues of alienation and not being able to fit in with either side of your family. Search For My Tongue is quite unusual as instead of†¦show more content†¦yu instead of you and de instead of the. This poems theme bases itself on not judging people at face value and not putting people into ‘boxes’. This poem to me seems less formal than Search For My Tongue even though they are both written in the first person. The poem first starts in Common English and introduces its self by saying he’s a half-caste and he stands on one leg. This small phrase actually sends across quite an important message, so its saying ‘ if you call me half-caste, does that mean I am half a person or I stand on half of myself?’ The poem then changes into Caribbean English where it gives the reader ‘evidence’ for not calling people half-caste. This is done by using examples like; ‘†¦Wha yu mean when yu say half-caste yu mean when picasso mix red an green is a half-caste canvas’ Picasso would do this all the time but society wouldn’t call it a half-caste canvas, they’d call it a master piece. Another example of this is; ‘†¦Wha yu mean when yu say half-caste yu mean tchaikovsky sit down at dah piano an mix a black key wid a white key is a half-caste symphony’ When composers right music they use the whole range of the instrument available, but again we do not call these creations half-caste. This way of explaining makes you understand why people from mixed race, like the writer John Agard, get frustrated and upset when people use the term half-cast. He then goes on to sayShow MoreRelatedComparing Poems from Different Cultures786 Words   |  4 PagesComparing Poems I am going to be talking about their methods that the poets use to explore the connection between people and the places in which they live in. The poems that I am comparing are Hurricane hits England and Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan. In Hurricane Hits England the techniques used are personification, she says â€Å"Talk to me oya† here referring to the hurricane as a person, she is doing this to try and feel like she is at home, trying to connect back to where she came from, itRead MoreAn Unknown Girl by Moniza Alvi1883 Words   |  7 PagesMoniza Alvi is a free verse poem about the author’s experience getting her hand hennaed in an Indian bazaar. Throughout the poem, Alvi makes use of structure techniques like end-stopped lines, occasional rhymes, language, imagery, and changes in tone to explore different aspects of the concept of identity. Moniza Alvi uses the format of the poem to illustrate how the speaker’s identity is split between East and West. The poem itself is centered in the middle of the page. From what the reader knows ofRead MoreHeritage: Family and Life857 Words   |  4 PagesBased off the poem â€Å"Heritage† by Linda Hogan â€Å"I Learned Everything† Hogan’s â€Å"Heritage† is a poem about accepting life, learning from experiences, and growing as an individual. It’s about maintaining focus on the important things in life; not getting caught up in the small, frivolous things. The writer is a woman of mixed race and cultures; part Chickasaw Indian, and part Caucasian. As a child and also into her adult years, she often wondered at the calmness and acceptance of her Native AmericanRead MoreEssay on Comparing the Poetry of Lanston Hughes and Countee Cullen842 Words   |  4 PagesComparing the Poetry of Lanston Hughes and Countee Cullen Upon first glance the differences between Hughes and Cullen seem very clear. Hughes writes in rhythm, while Cullens writes in rhyme, but those are just the stylistic differences. Hughes and Cullen may write poems in a different style but they both write about similar themes. The time they wrote in was during the Harlem Renaissance, a time period when African Americans were discovering their heritage and trying to become accepted in theRead MoreA Comparison of Two Poems Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan by Moniza Alvi and Search for my Tongue by Sujata Bhatt734 Words   |  3 PagesA Comparison of Two Poems Presents from my Aunts in Pakistan by Moniza Alvi and Search for my Tongue by Sujata Bhatt In this essay, I will be showing you how the writers use their own poetic devices within their work to their advantage and how the poets have used different themes to overcome in their own poems. To begin this essay, I will be presenting to you how Alvi and Bhatt have used different viewpoints within their poems to put across their message to the readerRead MoreEssay on Comparing Love Poetry602 Words   |  3 PagesComparing Love Poetry In this assignment I am going compare and contrast two poems, A Red, Red Rose by Robert Burns and Lucy Poems by William Wordsworth. In this assignment I am also going to discuss, how each poet uses language, how they portray the theme of love, the tradition and culture of each poet and my own personal response to these poems. Robert Burns was born in 1759, in Alloway in Ayrshire in Scotland. Burns father was a poor tenant - farmer but heRead MoreSimilarities Between Snow White And Snow White1405 Words   |  6 Pages Comparing Snow White Fairytales are an imaginary and adventurous way to open children’s eyes to a make-believe land and use their imaginations. Fairy tales have also changed drastically throughout the years. One fairy tale that is very well known and has been around for a while now is Snow White. Modernizations of fairytales usually are aimed at a specific audience, such as children, with a little more of a modern spin on the old tale. Rather than having the story of Snow White take place in andRead MoreCoca Cola And The 51st State Of America1280 Words   |  6 Pagesthat his family and the country of Puerto Rico is losing grasp of their Puerto Rican culture, and in exchange taking in the americanized culture all in part of American Marketing. It could be like a melting pot, Puerto Rico may be a property of the United States but that does not mean that they do have to be a state of America and take in the culture. Differences in culture can include various adaptations of different beliefs whether that be religion or family ideals, there’s also food, music, technologyRead MoreThe American Dream Falling Short And Being A False Sense Of Reality1536 Words   |  7 Pagesis American Dream? What does it mean to you? What does it mean to me? Although we all have the same ideology of what the definition of what the American Dream is, we can all come up with a different meaning, each one more personal to ourselves than to others. As we will see with the help of three different authors, regardless of age, race, sexuality, religion, or social status, we could possibly agree on the idea of the American Dream falling short and being a false sense of reality for many AmericansRead MorePoetry Reflecting Cultural Progress: A Comparative Analysis of Langston Hughes and John Lennons Poems803 Words   |  3 PagesComparing Poets The literature of an era defines the culture that exists during that period of time. For poets, they take upon themselves the responsibility of showing the culture of their eras through shorter, more rhythmic pieces. In the cases of authors Langston Hughes and John Lennon, each embodies the culture in which he was writing. The poems Mother to Son and Eleanor Rigby both share certain poetic elements which serve to reflect their cultures and to establish a narrative between the

Surrogate Motherhood - 940 Words

In the past adoption was the only alternative for infertile women who wished to have children. Advances in technology however have created new options for women who have a defective uterus or defective ovaries. Two alternatives that are gaining popularity are straight surrogacy and host surrogacy. In straight surrogacy, or traditional surrogacy, the surrogate mother is impregnated with the sperm of the intended father by way of artificial insemination. In these cases, the surrogate mother not only carries the child but is genetically linked to the child as well. She however relinquishes her role of social mother to the intended mother. In host surrogacy the intended parents produce an embryo through in vitro fertilization, which is†¦show more content†¦Such extreme cases however are rare and for the most part surrogacy is successful, with problems being minimal. In fact research shows most cases are successful. In the largest and most representative study of surrogat e mothers so far, 34 women were interviewed approximately one year after they had given birth. After handing over the child, eleven of the woman experienced only mild difficulties, one reported moderate difficulty, and the rest reported not having any difficulties. After a year only two reported experiencing occasional mild difficulties, while the rest reported none. In none of the cases did any of the woman report feeling that the child was like their own. As it was put by one of the woman, she never viewed it as handing over the child, instead she considered she was handing back the child. Surrogate mothers often report feeling a positive sense of self worth, that â€Å"seeing their commissioning couple’s faces once the child is born makes the whole process worthwhile.† Surrogacy has not only benefited many couples hoping to have children, but surrogate mothers wishing to give the gift of life to a child as well. Surrogacy however has also raised ethical questions in determining who claims the right as the legal parent of a child, sometimes creating problems that can be difficult to resolve. Surrogacy should therefore beShow MoreRelated Surrogate Motherhood Essay851 Words   |  4 Pages Surrogate Motherhood: Good or Bad? nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;There are many controversies surrounding the idea of surrogate motherhood, by its definition, it is a course of action that goes outside natural reproduction. Although surrogacy was first brought up in the bible it is only until recently that it has actually become an issue for criticism and debate. Factors such as the growth of infertility in modern society, coupled with the declining number of children available for adoption,Read MoreEssay on Surrogate Motherhood912 Words   |  4 PagesSurrogate Motherhood is something that not many people actually support, even though it â€Å"is one of the many reproductive techniques that have enabled infertile couples to have children† (qtd. in Freedman). There are two types of surrogacy, traditional and gestational. The traditional type of surrogacy involves the surrogate mother being (AI) artificially inseminated with the sperm of the intended father or sperm from a donor when the sperm count is low. In either case the surrogate’s own egg willRead More Surrogate Motherhood Essay2531 Words   |  11 Pages Surrogate motherhood refers to that condition of a fertile (footnote) woman who has been contracted to become impregnated via reproductive technologies such as donor or artificial insemination. It is that condition wherein that fertile woman also has agreed to transfer her rights on the child to the biological paren ts after giving birth. This is bounded by a contract that was signed by the contracting parents and the surrogate. The reasons for this generally fall into two categories. Either theRead MoreShould Surrogate Motherhood Be Allowed?1019 Words   |  5 PagesSurrogate Motherhood is when one women carries to term the fertilized egg of another woman. This procedure is chosen by married couples who can not conceive a child in the natural way. In some occasions the mother may be able to produce an egg, but has no womb or some other physical problem which prevents her from carrying a child. Whether or not the husband can produce a large amount of sperm is not a problem. Once the egg and sperm are combined in a petri dish fertilization is very likelyRead MoreEssay on Surrogate Motherhood and Technology3216 Words   |  13 PagesSurrogate Motherhood and Technology Surrogacy: The Technology Reproductive technologies have a lot to do with the theology of the family. One aspect of reproductive technology deals with the issue of pregnancy for profit. This concept is known as surrogacy, and it is used for procreation. Ten to fifteen percent of married couples are unable to have children of their own.1 A surrogate mother is a woman who carries the child, usually for an infertile couple. Surrogacy has been aroundRead MoreThe Legal Status Of Surrogate Motherhood1275 Words   |  6 PagesVassilenko Berkeley College â€Æ' The Legal Status of Surrogate Motherhood in Russia and USA Russia is one of the few lucky countries where surrogacy is allowed by law. Legal aspects of surrogate motherhood are governed by the Family Code, the Fundamentals of Legislation on health care. Implementation of the medical component of the surrogate motherhood is governed by Order 67 of the Ministry of Health. Countries where legally allowed surrogate motherhood and reproductive, including commercial: US (inRead More Should Surrogate Motherhood be Allowed? Essay981 Words   |  4 Pages Surrogate Motherhood is when one women carries to term the fertilized egg of another woman. This procedure is chosen by married couples who can not conceive a child in the â€Å"natural way†. In some occasions the mother may be able to produce an egg, but has no womb or some other physical problem which prevents her from carrying a child. Whether or not the husband can produce a large amount of sperm is not a problem. Once the egg and sperm are combined in a petri dish fertilization is very likelyRead MoreThe Womb : A Marxist Analysis Of Surrogate Motherhood2124 Words   |  9 PagesCommodification of the Womb: A Marxist Analysis of Surrogate Motherhood In the context of classical Marxism, the moral permissibility of surrogate motherhood is forcefully negated. Marxism condemns the practice of surrogacy as an exemplification of commodity fetishism in capitalist society, viewing surrogacy arrangements as a commercialization of the female womb. The term, â€Å"commodification of the womb,† thus arises to describe the process by which services carried out by the female womb are soldRead MoreSurrogate Motherhood Is Considered The Most Controversial Form Of Medically Assisted Conception Essay1387 Words   |  6 PagesSurrogate motherhood is considered the most controversial form of medically assisted conception. Surrogacy is defined as an arrangement by which a woman gives birth to a baby on behalf of a woman who is incapable of conceiving babies herself or is infertile. The issue of surrogacy has been running for almost three decades. Elizabeth Cane was the first woman in the United States to legally become a surrogate mother in 1980 (Chittom and Wagner). Surrogate births are illegal in many countries, includingRead More surrogate mothers Essay1148 Words   |  5 Pages A Surrogate Mother is defined as â€Å"an adult woman who enters into an agreement to bear a child conceived through assisted conception for intended parents.† The couple is usually referred to as intended parents who enter into an agreement providing that they will be the parents of a child born to a surrogate through assisted conception, using an egg or sperm of at least one parent. 1 RIGHT - Surrogate motherhood is a right entitled to those who are ready and able to take on the responsibility of

Unit 12 Btec P1 †Task P1A Free Essays

P1 – Describe the role internet marketing has in a modern marketing context using selected organisations as examples Internet marketing has played an important role as a means of advertising. All types of businesses have benefited from internet marketing when it comes to cost, relationship building and sales. Instantly millions of people can have access to a company, its products or services, and this can be done at any time anywhere in the world. We will write a custom essay sample on Unit 12 Btec P1 – Task P1A or any similar topic only for you Order Now Usually communication is done via e-mail reducing costs in telephone calls as well. And this benefits not only businesses which do not need to spend large sums of money on traditional ways of advertising but also benefits consumers who do not need to make telephone calls to know more about a company and its products or services; it is possible to find out everything with a few clicks. Internet marketing is also used to close deals which make the process easier and cheaper for the business and the customer. Even a mobile phone contract deal can be done via internet nowadays. Internet marketing also helps targeting overseas clients as products or services easily reach customers anywhere in the world through internet marketing. Relationship building is also one of the reasons why businesses use internet marketing; this can be done through e-mails received to update customers with latest products, services or news; another way to build good relationship with customers is by offering them services that can be done online without the hassle of going out to resolve an issue. One example is online banking where banks offer customers the facility of cancelling direct debits, make payments or transfers within minutes. How to cite Unit 12 Btec P1 – Task P1A, Papers

Management A Case Study of BT Plc

Question: To be able to identify the concept and principles associated with Corporate Social Responsibility To be able to present and interpret the gathered data in order to develop logical lines of arguments based on basic theories and concepts of Corporate Social Responsibility To be able to present the results of research in a structured way and with coherent arguments To be able to deliver prospective recommendations based on the result of research. Answer: Introduction The report presents an analysis of corporate social responsibilities of a company in UK. The chosen company for the analysis is BT Plc of UK. Corporate social responsibilities are important aspects of a business in present days. In the globalisation era, the companies try to maintain their own CSR in the business operation. The sole purpose of a business organisation is not profit making. An organisation has several other social, economical and environmental responsibilities in business process. The study considers different aspects of CSR for a company. The BT Plc is a telecommunication company operating in UK. The company has responsibilities for societies as well for stakeholders. For a telecommunication company, the corporate social responsibilities are regarding facilitating good communication service to the customers, application of innovative technologies, developing value chain in business (Navi 2012). Protection of customer rights is another important responsibility of a telecommunication company. Among the different aspects of CSR, one of the important aspects is responsibility to provide eco friendly service to the users and society. Business organisations often undertake charitable activities to improve society, especially where the company is located. Definitions of CSR and importance of different aspects Definitions of CSR In different literatures, corporate social responsibilities have been described in many ways. There are disparities in the definitions of CSR. Different organisations interpret the meaning of CSR in different ways. Navi (2012) mentioned that, CSR is the organisations concern on the issues beyond its business basic requirements such as economic, legal or technical. On the other hand, Aguinis and Glavas (2012) argued that CSR is the social responsibilities of an organisation to maintain legal, ethical and economic aspects in the business process. Crane et al (2013) mentioned different definitions of CSR in their research paper. According to international labour organisation, CSR is a method of presenting the impact of companys business operation on the society. CSR reflects the values and principles of the organisation. Department for Business, Innovation and Skills of UK describes CSR as temporary actions taken by an organisation ensuring least legal requirements to benefit both own business and wider society. In the view of World Economic Forum, the global corporate organisations are acts in their self interest as the prosperity of the organisation depends on social, economic and environmental factors. Aguinis and Glavas (2012) cited that companies involve themselves in the corporate social responsibilities due to pressure and expectations from different stakeholders. The stakeholders can be share holders, customers or media. Stakeholders have three main interests to engage companies into CSR. The interests may be driven by self-interest, or emerge from the relationship among different interest group or may be moral. Moral interest comes from maintaining ethical standard in business process. Importance of different aspects of CSR Corporate social responsibilities have several dimensions in both individual level and institutional level. Servaes and Tamayo (2013) presented a structure of CSR for an applicable for an organisation. The corporate value of an organisation is associated with the customers, suppliers, employees and shareholders. In the view of Bowen (2013), there are three aspects of CSR, which are economic, social and environmental aspects. Figure 1: Different dimensions of CSR (Source: Bowen 2013) Economic dimension of CSR Understanding economic aspect is important to assess impact of economic variable in the operation of the organisation. In past days, economic aspects are often misunderstood as financial impact on the organisation. Economic aspect in not only the considerations of companys financial matter or recording employment data, rather it is the considerations of impact of companys operation on the greater community and the stakeholders (Cornelissen 2014). A business organisation is definitely a profit making organisation. However, operation of the organisation has some economic values. It contributes in countrys GDP and takes part in economys growth process (Crane et al. 2013). Multiplier effect: The activity of the organisation has impact on employees, consumes, suppliers and the wider environment in which the company operates. If the organisations performance in current period is good, it has prospect to get better investment opportunity in long run. The investment can be made for the structural development of the company and for the well being of the employees. If there is development of the company, dividends of the shareholders and the income of the employees increase (Hopkins 2012). Therefore, standard of living of the employees improves. As the income of the employee increases, demand for goods and services rises. This multiplier effect further influences other industries to increase their production. This chain effect increases the output of the whole economy and contributes in the growth process of the economy (Cheng et al. 2014). Therefore, economic aspects of CSR in present context are very much important. Tax effect: Corporation tax is a major source of income of the government of an economy. The tax collected from the corporate is used for the social well being. Therefore, it is the responsibility of every corporate to pay the tax properly as it is a part of CSR (Kitzmueller and Shimshack 2012). Social dimension of CSR Social aspects of CSR are now gets attention in most of the organisations. The organisations participate in many social activities now a day. Sometimes, corporations engage themselves directly or indirectly in poverty reduction programme or any social awareness program. They sponsor different non profit organisation or NGOs. The progress of the company depends on the health of the society (Homburg et al 2013). They take part in social welfare by recruiting people from diversified culture or socially deprived people. The organisations often sponsors sport events to encourage local community as sport has important role in social development (Asif et al. 2013). Environmental dimensions In present decades, sustainable development is major concern for every economy. As per sustainable development goals set by United Nations, every public, private organisations and government need to take part in the welfare of civil society (un.org, 2016). Natural resource consumption affects the sustainable development of the economy and the world. Environment oriented activities, cleaner production, maintaining ecological footprint is part of environmental dimensions of CSR. Application of CSR on BT Plc Being a leading telecom company in UK, BT Plc has immense responsibility towards society. The aspects of CSR for a telecommunication company are providing uninterrupted mobile networking, facilities of emergency communication, technological development etc. Moreover, BT Plc is has added responsibility in the form of contribution in growth of UK. Protection of rights of customers, meeting needs of them, supplying quality service etc is social dimensions of CSR of a telecommunication company (Brammer et al. 2012). BT Plc has also responsibilities of their employees such as safeguarding the interest of the employees; maintain labour laws of UK, encouraging employees to engage themselves in decision making process of management. It is part of BTs CSR to do business ensuring highest productivity of allocated resources. Maximum productivity subject to efficient utilisation of resources is aspect of CSR of BT Plc. Efficient utilisation of resources reduces carbon emission in the society (BTconferencing.com, 2016) CSR model used by BT Plc Figure 2: CSR model followed by BT (Source: btplc.com, 2016) The goal of BT Plc is to achieve three goals mentioned above by 2020. There are two main dimensions of the CSR of BT, which are social and environmental aspects. Social dimensions of CSR There is a supporters club in BT, which is a part of charitable initiative of BT. This club encourages people to take part in sports with the aim of improving lives of people. This initiative has been taken by management of BT to improve lives of millions of young people globally. The company has sports channel, which collects money from the customers, who wishes to join the sports club (btplc.com, 2016). The donation is used to help the people, who face economical, social or physical challenge in life. The donations are used for disable children, raising employment. The company also arranges programme, which engages young people in community services. BT helps the international projects of educational and health organisation. The organisations, which use football or motorbike to reach the socially deprived children or to save life of people in isolated village, get helps from BT. This Company engages its employees in volunteering process of social activity such as fund raising proce ss. During 2014, the company took a project named Challenge Africa project, which had objective to build a primary school in Kenya (btplc.com, 2016). The project involved the employees of BT, which used the management, leadership skills of employee. The Challenge Africa project had another dimension such as introducing employees with different culture of a developing country. Engaging employees for the benefit of the community has great social face. Along with this, maintaining high ethics in business operation and supply chain standard are parts of CSR of BT. Environmental dimension of CSR The management of BT tries to maintain a good business practices. They maintain high ethical standard by protecting human rights and data security. They aim to reduce carbon intensity about 80% by 2020. In order to reduce carbon footprint, they have developed a carbon calculator. This tool helps the user to know the amount of carbon reduction by using ICT products. During 2005, the company signed a green energy contract, which aimed to use of environment friendly resources such as wind and solar power, hydroelectricity and wave. The objective of the company is to provide an integrated network platform, which is energy efficient with higher capacities. Use of energy saving technology gives advantage to the company in carbon reduction (Korschun et al. 2014). Advantage of CSR policies The CSR model of BT Plc has helped the company to grow business globally. The social and environmental dimension of CSR policies has been able to improve customer satisfaction. Increasing customer satisfaction has helped to development of business. Engagement of long term business goal with good CSR practice and sustainability has been able to reduce brand damage. CSR policies have helped the company to develop good leadership approach in the business process. Moreover, the company has been successful to replace traditional techniques of audit by comprehensive assessment techniques in business model. This company has developed a good relation with the suppliers by taking strategy of using renewable energy in production. Reduction in carbon emission has helped collaboration with suppliers. Furthermore, the management method gives the company and the suppliers, the scope of quality matter inspection (Baumann-Pauly et al. 2013). This strategy helps to strengthen supply chain management of BT Plc. Disadvantages of CSR The company faces some risks regarding CSR policies. The risks are regarding working condition of supply chain. The BT Plc has global presence. Therefore, the company faces risks as in some countries; the labour and environment regulations are not enforced strongly (Lee et al. 2012). Therefore, the company has to face risks about the product and service standard below global acceptable level. There are risks regarding health and safety of the employees. Risk is appeared in the form of climate change. Change in climate may hinder the process of achieving environmental sustainability goal of the company. Being a multinational company, BT Plc has to maintain a diversified culture in the organisation. Hence, the company may face risks if employees cannot adjust themselves with the multicultural aspects of the company. This can affect the performance of the company in the competitive market. Furthermore, failing to comply with diversity can reduce business reputation of the company. Recommendations BT has good CSR practice in business operation. Although having high valued CSR, the company faces some risks. Improvement of CSR policies can mitigate the risks. In order to perform better, the company can ask the external stakeholders associated with business to evaluate companys performance regarding CSR practice. The stakeholders can rate the BT Plcs social activities and environmental practices. Rating by community is more reliable compared to its internal rating. The company gives more importance to environment and social aspects. Economic aspects of CSR are comparatively neglected in the companys CSR model. Therefore, incorporation of economic dimension in the CSR model can be recommended to the company to improve business performance in global context. The company can emphasis on return on investment aspects. In order to do this, BT Plc can improve human resource management policies. Increase in employee satisfaction decreases the rate of employee turnover in the organisation. Strict governance policies sometimes increase dissatisfaction of the employees in the workplace (Moser and Martin 2012). Hence, less formalisation can create friendly environment in the work place and a good organisational culture. Minimisation of waste and best use of resource increases CSR of the company towards society. This corporate strategy may give the company a competitive advantage in the market. The company engages the employees in the social development process. Other stakeholders such as customers, suppliers and shareholders can also take part in the social dimensions of CSR. Active involvement of stakeholders in the business process improves the relationship, which helps the company to grow in long term. The company faces legal risks in fulfilling CSR. Collaborations with consultants, who have knowledge regarding environment and other legal issues, can help the company to reduce risks. Conclusions The report discusses different aspects of corporate social responsibilities of a business organisation. The study has been conducted on BT plc of UK. This company is a telecommunication company operating in UK. The company has global exposure. Therefore, it has different dimensions of business. Corporate social responsibilities model incorporates different stakeholders of a company such as customer, suppliers, shareholders etc. Three dimensions of CSR have been described in this report. Three dimensions are economic, social and environmental. Now a day, these three aspects have become unavoidable part of a business. Different definitions of CSR have been described in this study. Different organisations and companies describe CSR from different angles. The CSR model followed by BT Plc has also three dimensions. The company gives emphasis more on social and environment aspects of CSR. CSR model of BT Plc incorporates customers, suppliers and environment in the model. Connecting society with business process in one of the philosophy of companys CSR. In order to do this, the company engages itself with different social welfare project both locally and globally. It engages itself with social projects such as encouraging young people to involve with different sports. The company donates the fund collected from different social activities in charity. The donations are used for the improvement of lives of socially and economically vulnerable people. It has conducted a project to build a primary school at a socially backward region of Africa. This activity signifies high CSR practice by BT Plc. The company has target to reduce 80% carbon emission by 2020. Although the company maintains good ethics and CSR in business, it faces some risks in CSR practices. There is a risk of climate change, which can negatively affect the sustainable development policy of the company. Hen ce, some recommendations have been made for the improvement of the future CSR in the company. References Aguinis, H. and Glavas, A., 2012. What we know and dont know about corporate social responsibility a review and research agenda.Journal of management,38(4), pp.932-968. Asif, M., Searcy, C., Zutshi, A. and Fisscher, O.A., 2013. An integrated management systems approach to corporate social responsibility.Journal of Cleaner Production,56, pp.7-17. Baumann-Pauly, D., Wickert, C., Spence, L.J. and Scherer, A.G., 2013. Organizing corporate social responsibility in small and large firms: Size matters.Journal of Business Ethics,115(4), pp.693-705. Benn, S., Dunphy, D. and Griffiths, A., 2014.Organizational change for corporate sustainability. Routledge. Bowen, H.R., 2013.Social responsibilities of the businessman. University of Iowa Press. Brammer, S., Jackson, G. and Matten, D., 2012. Corporate social responsibility and institutional theory: New perspectives on private governance.Socio-Economic Review,10(1), pp.3-28. Btconferencing.com. (2016).BT corporate social responsibility - About us - BT Conferencing. [online] Available at: https://www.btconferencing.com/about-us/social-responsibility/ [Accessed 6 Aug. 2016]. Btplc.com. (2016).CSR achievement stories. [online] Available at: https://www.btplc.com/Careercentre/Ourlocations/UK/Apprenticeships/TheBTStory/BeingResponsible/CSRachievementstories/index.htm [Accessed 6 Aug. 2016]. Cheng, B., Ioannou, I. and Serafeim, G., 2014. Corporate social responsibility and access to finance.Strategic Management Journal,35(1), pp.1-23. Cornelissen, J., 2014.Corporate communication: A guide to theory and practice. Sage. Crane, A., Matten, D. and Spence, L.J., 2013. Corporate social responsibility in a global context.Chapter in: Crane, A., Matten, D., and Spence, LJ,'Corporate Social Responsibility: Readings and Cases in a Global Context,2, pp.3-26. de Bakker, F., 2016.Managing corporate social responsibility in action: talking, doing and measuring. CRC Press. Homburg, C., Stierl, M. and Bornemann, T., 2013. Corporate social responsibility in business-to-business markets: How organizational customers account for supplier corporate social responsibility engagement.Journal of Marketing,77(6), pp.54-72. Hopkins, M., 2012.Corporate social responsibility and international development: is business the solution?. Earthscan. Kitzmueller, M. and Shimshack, J., 2012. Economic perspectives on corporate social responsibility.Journal of Economic Literature,50(1), pp.51-84. Korschun, D., Bhattacharya, C.B. and Swain, S.D., 2014. Corporate social responsibility, customer orientation, and the job performance of frontline employees.Journal of Marketing,78(3), pp.20-37. Lee, E.M., Park, S.Y., Rapert, M.I. and Newman, C.L., 2012. Does perceived consumer fit matter in corporate social responsibility issues?.Journal of Business Research,65(11), pp.1558-1564. Moser, D.V. and Martin, P.R., 2012. A broader perspective on corporate social responsibility research in accounting.The Accounting Review,87(3), pp.797-806. Navi, S.T., 2012. Corporate social responsibility. [online] Available at https://yamato-hd.co.jp/investors/library/annualreport/pdf/2013/ar2013_10.pdf [Accessed 6 Aug. 2016] Servaes, H. and Tamayo, A., 2013. The impact of corporate social responsibility on firm value: The role of customer awareness.Management Science,59(5), pp.1045-1061. un.org (2016). Sustainable Development Goals [online] Available at: https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/ [Accessed 6 Aug. 2016]

Recycling Comprises of Sustainable Systems Design

Question: Discuss about the Recycling Comprises of Sustainable Systems Design. Answer: Introduction: As opined by Childers et al. (2014), Design and Management of Sustainable Built Environments is mostly based on advanced knowledge of the major subjects that is required for meeting the target of reduction of carbon emission. It is also based on the overall context of climatic change and resource exhaustion. It mostly deals with the scrutiny, amalgamation, design, measurement of modern, and energy competent environmental systems. It also makes the use of analytical and computer imitation techniques. It develops understanding in environmental engineering and building design as well as management of design. A chronic theme all through the program is concerned with the self-motivated nature of incorporated design as well as operation and management of sustainable built surroundings. The chronic theme covers urban sustainability, intelligent operation and management. The course acts in response to the global demand for building services engineers who have a good knowledge of engineering principles as well as the ability to apply this understanding within the services industry of the building. The building service engineers design all the systems in such a way that are required for inhabitants to carry out their trade. These systems comprise heating, illumination, electrical systems as well as air-conditioning. The aim is increasingly involved with the stipulation of sustainable and green building within the system. Services that are associated with the program are designed and fixed carefully so that they are inconspicuous and aesthetically pleasant and also work in agreement with the architecture of the building. The program will also act in response to the global demand for constructing services engineers who have a good understanding of the engineering objectives and the capability to apply the knowledge to the complicated circumstances that p revails within the industry of the building services (Ward and Peppard 2016). As opined by Mumovic and Santamouris (2013), with the increasing intricacy of engineering services in modern buildings and the importance of energy maintenance, the responsibility of building services engineer is becoming more and more imperative. The MSc program is appropriate for current engineering and technology graduates, shifting into building services and associated disciplines. It is also appropriate for established engineers as well as technologists who works in building services. These individuals face the challenge of new areas of prospects. Mangers and designers are also impacted positively with the MSc program and they also require to widen their experience and necessitate updating. Building service engineering implies the implementation of engineering services, which is helpful to understand the impact of the internal environment of the building. In this regard, it can be stated that building service architect has the experience in integration of building services. The architect requires to focus on the design, construction, environmental and the electrical technology etc. Moreover, it can be mentioned that building services engineering software would be helpful for the building construction by using the computer aided technology (Taylor, Bogdan and DeVault 2015). This study is also helpful to discuss the MVAC system, electrical and the distribution system, lighting system, which are important for the building service system. Building details The buildings in Hong Kong are developed based on the different sub parts such as 2 storey floors, office, data centre, gym room, plant room, canteen, machine room, electrical and the mechanical rooms. It can be assumed that total floor area is approximately 1200 meter square. On the other hand, this study has highlighted the development of the traditional system. In this connection, it can be mentioned that electrical and the distribution is the major section, which is required to develop under the traditional system design. As opined by Bocanegra-Martnez et al. (2014), in order to design the electrical and the distribution system, the architect requires to focus to the concept of loading evaluation. This would in turn depend upon the FS pumps, A/C loading. The power of the FS pumps require to be 50 kilo watt and the total power of the loading estimating would be approximately 162 kilo watt. On the other hand, the construction of loading estimation is depending upon the lighting and power development. Therefore, it can be inferred that the overall power, which is required for the development of the electrical and distribution system is approximately 275 kilo watt. Moreover, it can be stated that traditional system design has followed the vertical transportation system. As per this technique, an architect of Hong Kong is willing to use the hydraulic lift. It is benefitted to provide the consumers a barrier free environment. The maximum capacity of the lift is to carry 9 to 10 passengers. In addition, the fire service system was developed by following some definite regulations, practices. With the help of this fire service system, the users would be able to get the protection and also feel safe. Therefore, it can be added that protection of human life is the main priority of fire service system. In order to install the fire service system, the architect requires to content the fire hydrant, automated sprinkler system, manual or automated fire alarm technology, emergency lighting system etc. As it can be stated that fire service system is benefitted for the life protection of the consumers, therefore, it is necessary to understand the design criteria of fire service system. Firstly, the designer requires to follow the LPC rules for the installation of automated sprinkler. The capacity of sprinkler tank requires to be OH 3 hazards in size. In addition, it can be added that the sprinkler tank can cover approximately 12 meter square. Lastly, it can be observed that the installation of an ordinary hazard can flow 1000L/ minimum rate. On the other hand, fire hydrants flow rate is approximately 900L/s. The drainage system of a building can discharge approximately 0.5 m/s to 2m/s. This proves that the drainage system would be able to remove all the storm water of a building. Advantage of using rainwater re-cycling system It is known that three fourth of the planet is made of water. In this point, it can be mentioned that the water of oceans cannot be utilized for the drinking purpose or for irrigation. Therefore, Bocanegra-Martnez et al. (2014) cited that there are the constant shortages of water, which is either good for drinking or also for industrial use. Therefore, it can be mentioned that rainwater requires to collect for the further utilization. Precisely, it can be stated that rainwater harvesting is a technique to collect, filter, store as well as using of rainwater for the purpose of irrigation. The advantages of rainwater for irrigation can be described in the following manner: According to Ahmed and Toze (2015), it can be mentioned that harvesting rainwater helps the farmer by providing greater utility as the energy resources. In this connection, it can be mentioned that drinking water is not renewable. Moreover, it helps to reduce the wastages. The process of collecting rain water is depending upon the simple and easier technology. () added that the overall cost of installing the operational technology is comparatively easier than the water purifying or water pumping procedure. Water collection in the rainwater harvesting procedure can be used for the different non-drinking program. In case of industrial program, harvesting rain water will be helpful for performing several industrial operations. In this context, it can be mentioned that burden of soil erosion in a large number of areas allows the land to thrive. Moreover, it can be stated that stored water in cistern for further use when water supplies are lower (Ghaffour, Missimer and Amy 2013). In the words of Ward, Memon and Butler (2012), it can be mentioned that rainwater harvesting system is useful for the building of new infrastructure. Most of the rooftops are treated as the workable catchment area, which are linked as the harvesting system. This would in turn reduce the effect of environment by the reduction of the utility of duel based machineries. Rain water is free from the chemicals of the ground water. This would be suitable for the irrigation. Moreover, it can be mentioned that storing of larger reservoirs of harvested rain water is benefitted for performing several operation of irrigation. Reduction of demand on ground water: In the point of Taylor et al. (2013), it can be mentioned that with the rise in population, the demand of water has been increasing day by day. Therefore, there is a huge demand of ground water. This would in turn led to the depletion of ground water, however, it can be added that level of ground water is at lower level due to the scarcity of water. In this respect, it can be rain water storage system would be helpful to reduce the chances of floods in the low lying areas. Instead of this, Blaikie (2016) opined that this technique would be benefitted to reduce the soil erosion and can contaminate the surface water with fertilisers. Resulting, the lakes and the ponds would be cleaner. Advantage of grey water for flushing: According to Abdel-Kader (2013), it can be mentioned that grey water recycling system is helpful to save money and can increase the water supply where irrigation is required. In this context, it can be stated that residential water used in the split between the outdoor and indoor. Except of toilet water would be recycled outdoors. It would achieve equal outcome effectively by diverting the less water from the environment. Therefore, in a synopsis, it can be stated that grey water is the process of discharging of waste water from domestic activities. As a result, grey water can recycle the water for other uses that is the uses of irrigation or for toilet flushing. In the words of Fountoulakis et al. (2016), grey water for flushing would be gathered separately from black water. This requires to be eventually disinfected for the reuses as well as also for the non potable water sources. Reusing grey water is assumed as cheap as bucketing water outside. In this purpose, Bani-Melhem et al. (2015) added that grey water can be diverted to the garden. Therefore, advanced system is also useful for the collection and treating of indoor grey water and also for laundry washing The advantages of grey water can be described as the following manner: Constructed wetlands are useful for the further treatment of wastewaters. As a result, it can be mentioned that physical, chemical and the biological methods would combine to remove contaminants from the wastewater. Multi stage and the rotation of biological contractors are useful for the waste water treatment. These are usually followed by the initial sedimentation stage along with the ultimate clarification stage, and these are important for the removal of biomass. The function of sequencing batch reactors is performed by following four stages such as fill, aeration, decanting and settling. Sequencing batch reactors for the grey water treatment is helpful for the use of recycling water. Moreover, it can be mentioned that grey water recycling process is an essential sources for the growing of plant, especially in the arid climates. Grey water contains approximately one tenth nitrogen of black water. This can be significantly removed by the biological uptake in plants. On the other hand, it can be opined that potable water can reduce the demand from the water utility. This will in turn reduce the water bills. Grey water would be benefitted to enhance the life of the sewers. Therefore, the energy will be saved (Ma et al. 2015). Advantages of Solar panel as sustainable system to provide hot water The distinctive focus of the Sustainable System Design is on an accurately interdisciplinary strategy to the design as well as operation of sustainable buildings and cities. The objective of the program is to offer a logical framework for the regulation and management. Each module of the program comprises assemblies that are delivered by most important practitioners. The program is constantly informed not only by the most recent developments in industry but also by on-going global research. This program is ideal for experts in the built surrounding that includes engineers, managers of facilities and performance evaluators. The challenges that are associated with the program include disintegration of disciplines in built surroundings. The aim is to prepare experts to address these challenges with the help of acquisition of major practical skills of analysis and simulation in technical problems (Dupeyrat, Mnzo and Fortuin 2014). Solar hot water systems are a truly renewable energy source to heat water for household use. A solar hot panel mostly provides hot water between 50 to 90 percent of hot water requirement. The amount of hot water mostly depends on the local climate and the model of solar hot water heater that is installed. Solar panel that provides hot water generally comes with electric or gas boosters. The advantage of using solar panel as sustainable system is that although it costs more to purchase and install it, the extra upfront cost gets recovered as it reduces electricity bills. It is sustainable mostly due to the fact that it can be harnessed in all areas of the world. It is also easily reached as long as there is sun. it also involves low maintenance cost and also the most reliable solar panel manufacturers give 20-25 years of warranty. The technology that is used in the solar water systems are also continuously getting advanced that is also likely to get strengthened in the future. The eff ectiveness is also likely to get increased due to innovation in quantum physics as well as nanotechnology. The solar water heater is also likely to cut cost by half. This in turn will lead to corresponding reduction in pollution. As a result, the installation of solar water heater will reduce hot water carbon footprint by half. At the similar time, an individual is likely to conserve nonrenewable fuels. It also increases the value in the household of Hong Kong. Although, the initial cost of purchasing a solar water heater is high, the government of Hong Kong has introduced schemes that will in turn encourage the adoption of renewable sources of energy. 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